1.      American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and diagnoisis of diabetes: Standarts of medical care in diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019; 42:13-28.

2.      Attard SM, Herring AH, Wabg H, et al. Implications of iron deficiency/anemia on the classification of diabetes osing HbA1c. Nutr Diabetes. 2015 Jun 22;5:e166.

3.      Bacon S, Kyithar MP, Rizvi SR, et al. Successful maintenance on sulphonylurea therapy and low diabetes complication rates in a HNF1A‐MODY cohort. Diabet Med. 2016;33(7):976‐984. doi: 10.1111/dme.12992 

4.      Barker JM, Barriga KJ, Yu L, et al. Prediction of autoantibody positivity and progression to type 1 diabetes: Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Aug;89 (8):3896-902.

5.      Barzaghi F, Amaya Hernandez LC, Neven B, et al. Long‐term follow‐up of IPEX syndrome patients after different therapeutic strategies: an international multicenter retrospective study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141:1036‐1049.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.041

6.      Beltrand J, Baptiste A, Busiah K, et al. Glibenclamide oral suspension: suitable and effective in patients with neonatal diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2019;20(3):246‐254.

7.      Bennett CL, Christie J, Ramsdell F, et al. The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X‐linked syndrome (IPEX) is caused by mutations of FOXP3. Nat Genet. 2001;27(1):20‐21.

8.      Cioana M, Deng J, Nadarajah A, Hou M, Qiu Y, Chen SSJ, et al. The prevalence of obesity among children with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(12):e2247186. https://doi.org/10. 1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47186

9.      Classification an Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standarts of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018. Diabetes care. 2018 Jan;41 (Suppl 1):S13-S27.

10.  Craig ME, Hattersley A, Donaghue KC. Definition, epidemiology and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes. 2009 Sep; 10 suppl 12:3-12.

11.  Delepine M, Nicolino M, Barrett T, Golamaully M, Lathrop GM, Julier C. EIF2AK3, encoding translation initiation factor 2‐alpha kinase 3, is mutated in patients with Wolcott‐Rallison syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000;25(4):406‐409. doi: 10.1038/78085

12.  Fendler W, Borowiec M, Baranowska‐Jazwiecka A, et al. Prevalence of monogenic diabetes amongst polish children after a nationwide genetic screening campaign. Diabetologia. 2012;55(10):2631‐2635. doi: 10.1007/s00125-012-2621-2

13.  Haliloğlu B, Abalı S, Buğrul F, et al. The distribution of different types of diabetes in childhood: A single center experience. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2018; 10: 125-30.

14.  Hannon TS, Arslanian SA. The changing face of diabetes in youth: lessons learned from studies of type 2 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015;1353:113–37. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/nyas.12939

15.  Hatun S, Mutlu GY, Cinaz P, et al. Characteristics of Turkish children with type 2 diabetes at onset: a mulitcentre, cross-sectional study. Diabet Med. 2019 May 17. Doi: 10.1111/dme.14038.

16.  International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas. 10th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2021.

17.  Kelsey MM, Geffner ME, Guandalini C, et al. Presentation and effectiviness of early treatment of Type 2 diabetes in youth: lessons from the TODAY study. Pediatr Diabetes. 2016; 17: 212-21.

18.  Kriska A, Delahanty L, Edelstein S, Amodei N, Chadwick J, Copeland K, et al. Sedentary behavior and physical activity in youth with recent onset of type 2 diabetes. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):e850–6. https://doi.org/10. 1542/peds.2012-0620

19.  Liese AD, D’Agostino RB, Jr.,Hamman RF, et al. The burden of diabetes mellitus among US youth: prevelance estimates from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Pediatrics. 2006 Oct;118(4):1510-8.

20.  Mackay D, Bens S, Perez de Nanclares G, Siebert R, Temple IK. Clinical utility gene card for: transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, 6q24‐related. Eur J Hum Genet. 2014;22(9):1153. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.27 

21.  Marshall BA, Permutt MA, Paciorkowski AR, et al. Phenotypic characteristics of early Wolfram syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013;8:64. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-64

22.  Mayer-Davis EJ, Bell RA, Dabelea D, et al. The many faces of diabetes in American youth: type 1 and type 2 diabetes in five rave and ethnic populations: the SEARCH for Diabetes in youth study. Diabetes care. 2009;32(2):99-101.

23.  McTaggart JS, Clark RH, Ashcroft FM. The role of the KATP channel in glucose homeostasis in health and disease: more than meets the islet. J Physiol. 2010;588(Pt 17):3201‐3209. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.191767 

24.  Ngoc CTB, Dien TM, De Franco E, et al. Molecular genetics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of KATP‐channel neonatal diabetes mellitus in Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:727083. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727083.

25.  Perng W, Oken E, Dabelea D. Developmental overnutrition and obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring. Diabetologia. 2019; 62(10):1779–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00125-019-4914-1

26.  Prisco F, Iafusco D, Franzese A, Sulli N, Barbetti F. MODY 2 presenting as neonatal hyperglycaemia: a need to reshape the definition of "neonatal diabetes"? Diabetologia. 2000;43(10):1331‐1332. doi: 10.1007/s001250051531

27.  Raimondo A, Chakera AJ, Thomsen SK, et al. Phenotypic severity of homozygous GCK mutations causing neonatal or childhood‐onset diabetes is primarily mediated through effects on protein stability. Hum Mol Genet. 2014;23(24):6432‐6440. 

28.  Ravà L, Fintini D, Mariani M, Deodati A, Inzaghi E, Pedicelli S, et al. High 1-h glucose in youths with obesity as marker of prediabetes and cardiovascular risk. J Endocrinol Invest. 2023;46(12):2555–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023- 02111-6

29.  Reinher T. Clinical presentation and treatment of type 2 diabetes in children. Pediatr Diabetes. 2007;8: 16-27.

30.  Rodendo MJ, Rewers M, Yu L, et al. Genetic determination of islet  cell autoimmunity in monozygotic twin, dizygotic twin, and non-twin siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes: prospective twin study.BMJ. 1999 Mar 13;318(7185):698-702.

31.  Rubio‐Cabezas O, Ellard S. Diabetes mellitus in neonates and infants: genetic heterogeneity, clinical approach to diagnosis, and therapeutic options. Horm Res Paediatr. 2013;80(3):137‐146.

32.  Rubio‐Cabezas O, Flanagan SE, Damhuis A, Hattersley AT, Ellard S. KATP channel mutations in infants with permanent diabetes diagnosed after 6 months of life. Pediatr Diabetes. 2012;13(4):322‐325. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00824.x

33.  Srinivasan S, Chen L, Todd J, Divers J, Gidding S, Chernausek S, et al. The first genome-wide association study for type 2 diabetes in youth: the progress in diabetes genetics in youth (ProDiGY) consortium. Diabetes. 2021;70(4):996–1005. https://doi. org/10.2337/db20-0443

34.  Svoren BM, Jospe N. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme III JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE, ed. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 20th edition, Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2016:2783-85.

35.  Tattersall R. Maturity‐onset diabetes of the young: a clinical history. Diabet Med. 1998;15(1):11‐14.

36.  Tzakis AG, Nunnelley MJ, Tekin A, et al. Liver, pancreas and kidney transplantation for the treatment of Wolcott‐Rallison syndrome. Am J Transplant. 2015;15(2):565‐567. doi: 10.1111/ajt.13005 

37.  Urakami T, Kuwabara R, Habu M, Okuno M, Suzuki J, Takahashi S, et al. Clinical characteristics of non-obese children with type 2 diabetes mellitus without involvement of β-cell autoimmunity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013;99(2):105–11. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.diabres.2012.11.021

38.  Zeitler P, Arslanian S, Fy J, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice  Consensus Guidelines 2018: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in youth. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19:28-46.